. Hegel (1770-1831)

Addressed most pressing questions of:

the absolute, the ineffable soul, Art,

and Religion

Invented Phenomenology

-Based on Kant's phenomena 'subjective'

set out to lay bare the naked truths

'Reasons' replace 'causes' as

response to Hume's critique

Dialectics of mind and world

anticipates (influences) Freud's notions

of ego (& id), stages of development, ...

-Soul develops historically through stages

'beginning of spirit'-mere being,

unable to reflect on self

nor assimilate objects

through the acquisition of sensuous

consciousness, sense perception,

and intellect

 

 

 
    Idea Nature

Spirit
(Geist)

   

Being

Essence Notion  
 

Quality

Quantity

Measure    
  Being Determined Being Being for Self    
Being Nothing Becoming      
 

 

-Influenced Marx, Freud, Piaget, Erikson,...