G.F. Hegel (1770-1831)
Addressed most pressing questions of:
the absolute, the ineffable soul, Art,
and Religion
Invented Phenomenology
-Based on Kant's phenomena 'subjective' set out to lay bare the naked truths
'Reasons' replace 'causes' as response to Hume's critique
Dialectics of mind and world
anticipates (influences) Freud's notions of ego (& id), stages of development, ...
-Soul develops historically through stages 'beginning of spirit'-mere being, unable to reflect on self nor assimilate objects
through the acquisition of sensuous consciousness, sense perception, and intellect
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Idea | Nature |
Spirit |
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Being |
Essence | Notion |
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Quality |
Quantity |
Measure |
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Being | Determined Being | Being for Self |
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| Being | Nothing | Becoming |
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-Influenced Marx, Freud, Piaget, Erikson,...